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Revised%20Children
Availability
Please visit this website for more information about the instrument: Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale
Classification
Supplemental: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)-Pediatric
Short Description of Instrument
Summary/Overview of Instrument: The RCMAS-2 is an updated version of the RCMAS and retains some of the positive features from the original. It is relatively short and has a simple yes/no response format. The test is at an elementary reading level and uses content-based item clusters to help identify children's problems and focus on intervention. There is also a Short Form, updated and ethnically diverse norms, and an Inconsistent Responding index. The test is used to identify the source and levels of anxiety in children in order to reduce these stress levels. Types of stress levels measured by the RCMAS-2 include academic stress, test anxiety, peer and family conflicts, and drug problems.
Construct measured: Anxiety
Intended respondent: Patient.
# of items: 49 yes and no items Names of sub-scales: Physiological anxiety
Worry
Social anxiety
Defensiveness
Inconsistent responding index
Special Requirements for administration: None.
Administration time: About 10–15 minutes.
Translations: Available in Italian and Spanish
Scoring
The Total Anxiety score and four separate subscales are derived from the responses of the 49 test items. The Short Form, composed of the first 10 items, requires less than 5 minutes to complete. There is also an audio CD for younger children and those with reading or attention problems.
Rationale/Justification
Strengths/Weaknesses: The RCMAS-2 is used among many different pediatric health conditions so it is possible to compare. Further studies assessing its psychometric in pediatric SCI are warranted.
References
Anderson, C. J., Kelly, E. H., Klaas, S. J., Russell, H., Daharsh, E., & Vogel, L. C. (2009). Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with spinal cord injuries. Dev Med Child Neurol, 51(10), 826-832.

 

Flanagan, A., Kelly, E. H., & Vogel, L. C. (2013). Psychosocial outcomes of children and adolescents with early-onset spinal cord injury and those with spina bifida. Pediatr Phys Ther, 25(4), 452-459.

 

Garma, S. I., Kelly, E. H., Daharsh, E. Z., & Vogel, L. C. (2011). Health-related quality of life after pediatric spinal cord injury. J Pediatr Psychol, 36(2), 226-236.

 

Kelly, E. H., Anderson, C. J., Garma, S. I., Russell, H. F., Klaas, S. J., Gorzkowski, J. A., & Vogel, L. C. (2011). Relationships between the psychological characteristics of youth with spinal cord injury and their primary caregivers. Spinal Cord, 49(2), 200-205.

 

Kelly, E. H., & Vogel, L. C. (2013). Overview of psychosocial health among youth with spinal cord injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil, 19(2), 129-141.

 

Klaas, S. J., Kelly, E. H., Anderson, C. J., & Vogel, L. C. (2014). Depression and anxiety in adolescents with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil, 20(1), 13-22.

 

Leibach GG, Perrin PB, Nicholls E, Leonor Olivera S, Medina Quintero L, Mauricio Velasco Trujillo D, Carlos Arango-Lasprilla J. Health related quality of life and mental health in children with SCI/D from Neiva, Colombia. NeuroRehabilitation. 2015;36(2):215-221.

 

Nicolais CJ, Perrin PB, Panyavin I, Nicholls EG, Olivera Plaza SL, Quintero LM, Arango-Lasprilla JC. Family dynamics and psychosocial functioning in children with SCI/D from Colombia, South America. J Spinal Cord Med. 2016;39(1):58-66.

 

Riordan, A., Kelly, E. H., Klaas, S. J., & Vogel, L. C. (2015). Psychosocial outcomes among youth with spinal cord injury by neurological impairment. J Spinal Cord Med, 38(1), 76-83.

 

Russell, H. F., January, A. M., Kelly, E. H., Mulcahey, M. J., Betz, R. R., & Vogel, L. C. (2015). Patterns of coping strategy use and relationships with psychosocial health in adolescents with spinal cord injury. J Pediatr Psychol, 40(5), 535-543.

 

Document last updated June 2020